Microbiota of Salt Lakes as Food for the Brine Shrimp Artemia     

Gilbert VAN STAPPEN  Thanh Toi HUYNH  Nguyen Van Ho  SUI Liying  DENG Yuangao  Peter BOSSIER 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(Z1):105-105

正The brine shrimp Artemia is often abundantly found in hypersaline environments.The larvae(‘nauplii’)hatching from its dormant embryos(‘cysts’)are a crucial live food item for the larval stages of fish and shrimp in aquaculture  相似文献   

不同类型Zn胁迫对1株好氧反硝化细菌功能影响的比较研究     

吴春晗  白洁  赵阳国  任朝萌  陈琳  孙鹏飞  李岿然 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,(5)

本文通过分析在不同浓度普通氧化锌(ZnO)、硫酸锌(ZnSO4)及纳米氧化锌(ZnO-NPs)胁迫下1株筛自胶州湾的好氧反硝化菌Zobellella sp.B307生长量和反硝化能力的变化,比较研究了不同类型Zn对该菌株生长及脱氮功能的影响。结果表明,ZnO-NPs对该菌株的生长有明显的持续抑制作用,显著降低其最大生长量,并对其脱氮功能产生持续抑制;ZnSO₄对菌株生长及脱氮功能前期抑制作用较强,后期抑制效应逐渐减弱;普通ZnO对菌株生长及脱氮功能并不产生显著影响。3种类型锌对该菌株的功能抑制表现为ZnO-NPs抑制作用最强,其次是ZnSO₄,普通ZnO的抑制相对较弱,产生影响差异的主要原因与这三种类型Zn化合物作用机制的不同有关。研究结果可为深入探讨不同类型的Zn污染对近海沉积物氮素循环产生的潜在影响提供依据。  相似文献   

利用遥感技术估算南海北部表层异养细菌丰度*     

王剑  陈楚群  周伟华  李祥付  吴颉  叶海彬  唐世林 《热带海洋学报》2021,40(5):53-62

常规异养细菌监测方法精度高但费时费力且不能连续观测, 而卫星遥感成本低、可以大面积同步、长时间周期观测, 可与常规方法互补。文章利用南海北部10个航次采集的表层异养细菌丰度和卫星遥感反射率, 采用统计回归的方法建立了异养细菌丰度的遥感模型, 其模型决定系数为0.81, 均方根误差为2.44×10⁸个·L^-1, 平均相对误差为21%, 具有较好表现。利用该模型估算南海北部表层异养细菌丰度, 结果显示: 从珠江河口到南海北部开阔海域, 异养细菌丰度逐渐减小。夏季河口地区平均异养细菌丰度最高, 春季最低; 近岸海域靠近珠江河口西侧的平均异养细菌丰度高于东侧; 冬季陆架地区平均异养细菌丰度最高, 夏季最低; 开阔海域的异养细菌丰度变化幅度较小。  相似文献   

海洋亚硝酸盐氧化细菌的多样性分布及其生态功能研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

洪义国  焦黎静  吴佳鹏  龙爱民  王伟 《热带海洋学报》2021,40(2):139-146

微生物介导的硝化过程是全球氮循环的一个重要环节, 其中催化亚硝酸盐氧化过程的功能菌亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)受到越来越广泛的关注。目前已鉴定的NOB涵盖4个菌门, 分属7个菌属。其中, 亚硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira)由于多样性高、分布广泛成为近年来的研究热点。文章综述了NOB多样性组成、系统进化关系、生态分布特征以及亚硝酸盐氧化和自养固碳的过程机制, 阐述了其在海洋碳氮生物地球化学循环中的功能, 并展望了本领域的研究热点。  相似文献   

接种生物胺降解菌对鱼露生物胺含量及品质的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蓝翔  朱翠翠  何晓霞  王海英  徐莹  汪东风 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,(4)

将两株生物胺降解菌Millerozyma farinose A3和Enterococcus faecium R7(简称降胺菌)接种到发酵鱼露中,探究接种M.farinose A3、E.faecium R7及两者复合菌对发酵鱼露生物胺含量及品质的影响。研究表明:接种降胺菌组鱼露生物胺含量显著低于对照组,且接种复合降胺菌鱼露生物胺含量最低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,接种降胺菌能降低发酵过程中鱼露的pH,促进乳酸菌的生长同时抑制肠杆菌的生长(P<0.05);抑制挥发性盐基氮的生成,抑制呈鱼腥味的三甲胺和庚醛的生成;促进乙酸乙酯等令人愉悦的风味物质的生成,促进游离氨基酸特别是必需氨基酸的生成。本研究中M.farinose A3和E.faecium R7能降低鱼露生物胺含量,提高食用安全性,同时还能提升鱼露的风味和营养,其有望成为鱼露的新型发酵剂。  相似文献   

Squid mandibles from the stomachs of sperm whales (physeter catodon l.) captured in the cook strait region of New Zealand     

D. E. Gaskin  M. W. Cawthorn 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):59-70

The lower mandibles of squid in the stomachs of two sperm whales examined at the Tory Channel whaling station in 1963–4 were separated into 11 types according to a system of grouping devised by the authors and based on a key drawn up by M. R. Clarke.  相似文献   

Bacterial abundance and production in different water masses around South Island,New Zealand     

Rob Smith  Julie Hall 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):515-524

Abstract

Bacterial numbers and production were measured in the upper water column in the winter and spring of 1993 in five water masses surrounding the South Island of New Zealand. Average bacterial numbers and production were found to be higher in spring (8.5 × 10⁵ cells ml^?1 and 0.20 mg m³ h^?1, respectively) than winter (5.5 × 10⁵ cells ml^?1 and 0.05 mg C m³ h^?1 respectively). Bacterial production was strongly correlated with chlorophyll a and primary production (P < 0.001) in spring but not in winter. Spring bacterial production and at 10 m depth averaged across 28 stations was 23% of primary production, and with a growth efficency of 40%, may have consumed up to 57% of primary production. Bacterial biomass was greater than phytoplankton biomass for 75% of the 10 m depth comparisons during winter sampling and 44% during the spring sampling. The bacterial biomass was found to represent 24.6–33.5% of the nitrogen in particulate organic matter (<200 μm) supporting the concept that in New Zealand oceanic water masses bacteria are of significant biogeochemical importance.  相似文献   

Microbial enzymatic response to catchment‐scale variations in supply of dissolved organic carbon     

Stuart Findlay  Christopher W. Hickey  John M. Quinn 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(5):701-706

A suite of exoenzyme activities was assayed in three New Zealand streams draining pasture, native forest, and a pine catchment. There were differences among catchments in activity of three of the five enzymes assayed (cello‐biohydrolase, N‐acetylglucosaminidase, and dihydroxylphenylalanine oxidation). A principal components analysis (PCA) demonstrates that patterns of enzyme activity can be used to separate the three stream types. An experimental addition of algal‐leachate, leaf‐litter leachate, and high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) water from a small seep also resulted in marked shifts in epilithic enzyme activities 1 day after DOC additions. Oxidative enzymes showed a particularly strong response to additions of humic DOC. As for the field samples, a PCA showed large differences among treatments indicating that exoenzyme patterns can be used to examine which DOC sources predominate in different streams. Application of this approach to describing differences among streams will require detailed seasonal sampling together with longer‐term experiments.  相似文献   

神狐海域Site4B表层沉积物中脂肪酸组成及其碳同位素分布特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

朱小畏  茅晟懿  吴能友  孙永革  管红香 《海洋学报》2013,35(6):75-85

通过对神狐海域表层5个沉积物样品进行脂肪酸组成及其碳同位素分布特征测试和研究,结果表明总脂肪酸含量分布为5.14~8.99 μg/g,碳数分布范围从C₁₂到C₃₂,类型包括正构饱和脂肪酸、支链脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸和类异戊二烯酸等计48种;样品中饱和的短链脂肪酸主要来自细菌与浮游生物,而长链饱和脂肪酸来自陆源高等植物,其比例表明研究海域中海洋细菌与浮游生物输入量远远大于陆源高等植物的输入。支链脂肪酸10me16:0与单不饱和脂肪酸18:1ω9、16:1ω9主要来自硫酸盐还原菌,而单不饱和脂肪酸16:1ω7很大可能来源于硫氧化菌,比较相对含量得出神狐海域表层沉积物为还原环境。样品中检测出8种类异戊二烯酸,主要是植烷酸和17,21-ββ二升藿烷酸,及少量的姥鲛酸,推测为叶绿素a和细菌微生物的共同贡献。  相似文献   

Impacts of a raw sewage spill on water and sediment quality in an urbanized estuary     

Mallin MA  Cahoon LB  Toothman BR  Parsons DC  McIver MR  Ortwine ML  Harrington RN 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(1):81-88

A sewer main serving a large municipal wastewater system ruptured, discharging approximately 3,000,000 gallons (11,355,000 L) of raw human sewage into a multi-branched tidal creek estuary along the US East Coast. The biochemical oxygen demand caused severe hypoxia in the system, causing a large fish kill. The sewage load led to high fecal coliform bacteria concentrations in the creek (maximum of 270,000 CFU 100ml(-1)), which declined in an approximate logarithmic manner over the first few days. The spill caused elevated sediment fecal coliform bacteria and enterococcus counts that declined much more gradually than water column counts. Persistence of relatively high concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria in sediments for several weeks after the spill suggests that sediment sampling should be included in response to major sewage spills. The high concentration of nutrients in the spilled sewage led to several algal blooms. However, nutrient concentrations in the water column declined rapidly, demonstrating the value of conserving marshes because of their pollutant filtration function.  相似文献